Yoga means intertwining or coupling and is basically a spiritual discipline. It originated in the Hindu spiritualism and is an ascetic discipline too. A part of it is also broadly used for relaxation and health. This includes controlling of breath and posing in specific poses. Female and male practitioners are known as a yogini and yogi respectively.
Yoga is a science and also an art. It is an art because for it to yield genuine results, it has to be exercised sensitively and instinctively. As a science it offers methods which can be used practically to control the mind and body. This makes it possible to meditate deeply.
Yoga incorporates the mutual influence of body to the mind and brings them into harmony. Yoga works mainly with the body energy, using pranayama as a science, or the control of energy. It instructs on how, through the control of breath, the mind can be stilled to gain awareness in greater heights.
The five principles of yoga are:
Proper Exercise: Yogic physical exercises are called Asanas, a term meaning steady pose. Static bodies can predispose us to diseases and discomfort. Proper exercise should be pleasant to the practitioner while beneficial to the body, mind and spiritual life. Yogic physical exercises are designed to develop not only the body but also broaden the mental faculties and the mental capacities.
Proper breathing or Pranayama: Yoga teaches the use of lungs to their maximum capacity and breath control involving breathing fully and rhythmically, making use of all the parts of lungs to increase oxygen intake increasing vitality and mental clarity. A full Yogic breath combines clavicular, thoracic and deep abdominal breathing, beginning with a deep breath and continuing the inhalation through the intercostal and clavicular areas.
Proper relaxation: Yogis use three methods for relaxation which are physical, mental and spiritual.
Proper Diet: Yoga is concerned with the subtle effect that food has on mind and astral body. Improper diet results to mental inefficiency and blocks spiritual awareness. Proper diet nourishes both mind and body which means eating in moderation and only when hungry. The Yogic diet helps attain a high standard of health.
Positive thinking and meditation: We are what we think and should strive to entertain positive and creative thoughts in order to contribute to vibrant, healthy, peaceful and joyful mind. Positive thinking and meditation helps remove negative thoughts and puts mind under perfect control making the mind calm and steady.
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